Design scheme of LED lighting for subway underground station
February 06, 2023
Subway stations (underground rail transit) are usually divided into two underground floors: the platform floor and the station hall floor, and the corresponding electromechanical equipment is usually arranged at both ends of the station (A terminal and B terminal). Station lighting is divided into: equipment area lighting, public area working lighting, public area energy-saving lighting, cable interlayer lighting, guide sign lighting; according to the load level, it is divided into: first-level load, second-level load and third-level load. The first-level load mainly includes: accident lighting, second-type guiding sign lighting, third-type guiding sign lighting, fourth-type guiding sign lighting, public area working lighting, and power-saving lighting; the second-level load mainly includes equipment area working lighting and first-class guiding sign lighting Lighting; the third-level load mainly includes advertising lighting. The incoming power supply of the emergency lighting power supply room is drawn from the two sections of low-voltage buses of the substation, and the battery is used as the backup power supply. Lighting distribution design 1. For the convenience of operation and management, a lighting power distribution room is set up on the platform floor and the station hall floor at both ends of the station. The power distribution rooms on the upper and lower floors are generally aligned, which is convenient for the management of electrical equipment on this floor and the maintenance of cables on the upper and lower floors. Laying. The public lighting distribution box is centrally located in the lighting distribution room for easy control. 2 Lighting types and control methods: Lighting is divided into general lighting, emergency lighting, induced lighting, advertising lighting and safety lighting. Centralized management and unified control of public lighting. Local control of computer room and office lighting. In the early design of the subway, part of the lighting was always on after the train was out of service, which was called energy-saving lighting. Because the meaning of the word energy-saving lighting cannot correctly express its lighting properties, the subways in some cities do not use this word, but are collectively referred to as general lighting. 3 The lighting on the platform level and the station hall level is mainly composed of general lighting and I emergency lighting. Each partition of the platform and station hall lighting is a two-way lighting power supply, which is divided into 6~8 branches and cross-distributed. After the operation peak, some branch circuits can be stopped to save electricity for lighting. Accessory rooms may be powered by separate loops. After the train is out of service at night, the general lighting is turned off, and the station lighting relies on emergency lighting. 4 Emergency lighting: In order to ensure the smooth and safe evacuation of passengers when the station fails, a 220V battery pack is installed in the underground station to supply power to the emergency lighting when both AC power sources lose voltage. The emergency lighting of underground railways is mostly incandescent lamps, which are powered by AC power under normal conditions, and automatically switch to battery packs for power supply when the AC power fails. A 3W white LED light can be used here, and it is normally powered by an AC 220V power supply. When the AC power supply fails, it will automatically switch to the battery pack for power supply. The illuminance of 3W white LED lamps is equivalent to that of 60W incandescent lamps, but the electric power is only about 1/15 of incandescent lamps, and the life span is about 10 times that of incandescent lamps. The emergency lighting is always on at the platform, station hall and exit of the station, and there is no centralized control. The ancillary rooms and equipment rooms of the station are controlled locally. 5. The single-phase sockets in the ancillary rooms of the station and the single-phase safety sockets installed every 30m on the platform and station hall floors are powered by separate circuits and equipped with leakage protection switches. 6 Interval lighting: the single-lane tunnel is set on the left wall in the driving direction, divided into work lighting and emergency lighting, and a 3W white LED light is installed every 5~6m, and the two kinds of lighting are arranged alternately. The AC and DC panels of the power station are directly powered, and the working lighting in the interval is controlled by the substation. 7 Safety lighting: The safety lighting under the platform board adopts 36V safety voltage, and the lighting transformer is installed in the lighting power distribution room. 8 Illumination requirements for different places in the subway: The lighting should be practical and easy to maintain, and should match the architectural form according to the requirements of different places. In order to ensure the normal functions of stations and sections, the illumination standards of underground stations are shown in Table 2. 9 Subway stations now mainly use energy-saving fluorescent lamps (including fluorescent lamps). After the emergence of low-loss, high-efficiency LED lamps, LED lamps should be used as the main lighting lamps as much as possible.
Interval lighting and lamps 1 The tunnel sections between subway stations are called intervals. Interval lighting is the tunnel lighting of subway (underground rail transit). Interval lighting is divided into work lighting and emergency lighting. The lighting fixtures are arranged on the upper wall on the left side of the driving direction, and a lighting fixture is arranged every 5 to 6m. Work lighting and emergency lighting are arranged alternately, and an emergency lighting lamp is installed every two working lighting lamps, that is, an emergency lighting lamp is installed every 15m. Working lighting is powered by three-phase AC power supply, and emergency lighting is normally powered by single-phase AC power supply. When the AC power supply fails, the step-down substation of the station will automatically switch to the battery pack for power supply. There is a working lighting box and a knife lighting box every about 120m in the section. Each lighting box has two circuits, each with about 60m of lighting fixtures along the direction of the tunnel. 2 Interval lighting fixtures should be waterproof, dustproof and corrosion-resistant. The lamps and lanterns should adapt to the humid, watery and poorly ventilated environment in the subway tunnel. It is required to have good sealing performance (protection performance reaches IP65), and good heat dissipation. Do not let water in when cleaning and flushing the lamps. The structure requirements of the lamp are simple, easy to install, and easy to operate when maintaining and replacing the light source. The lamps and lanterns should have good shockproof performance, so as to ensure that the light source has a high service life under the condition of subway vibration. The light efficiency of the lamps should be greater than 60lm/W. The lamps should have a certain shading performance to avoid affecting the driver's vision. The light source can adopt 3W white light LED lamp. When energy-saving fluorescent light sources are used, the emergency lighting is required to be able to use both AC and DC, and to start instantaneously. Using LED lamps is the best choice. Because during emergency lighting, the substation sends out 220V DC power; during normal lighting, the substation sends out 220V AC power. The power of LED lamps is only 3W, which is equivalent to the luminous flux of 60W incandescent lamps. And the life of LED lamps is 50,000 hours, while the life of incandescent lamps is only 1,000 hours. According to the economic and technical comparison, the use of LED lamps can not only greatly save energy, but also save operation and maintenance costs. has great advantages. Subway Station Lighting 1 Subway station lighting is divided into: station hall, station platform, entrance and exit passages, stairs and offices. The lighting brightness requirements are relatively high, and 40W traditional fluorescent lamps are generally used for lighting. The arrangement density of lamps is high, and the power consumption is very large. Under normal power supply conditions, uninterrupted lighting is required for 24 hours. 2. The 12W white LED fluorescent lamp can be used instead of the traditional 40W fluorescent lamp. Not only can a lot of electricity be saved, but because of the high color rendering of the LED light source, the lighting effect can also be greatly improved. The service life of LED fluorescent lamps is also much longer than that of traditional fluorescent lamps, and it can also save a lot of maintenance costs. The above content is provided by WOSEN. WOSEN is a professional manufacturer and supplier of Led Flood Light, Led Street Light, Led Solar Light, etc. For more information, please visit https://www.wosenled.com/ or contact admin@wosenled.com or WhatsApp +86-13425434349
